Laparoscopy

Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive surgical method. Using thin, long instruments and a video camera, imaging and treatment are performed through small incisions of 0.5-1 cm. Laparoscopic surgery does not require large incisions like open surgery, which is its biggest advantage. Because the incisions are very small, the patient recovers more quickly, returns to normal life faster, does not experience pain after surgery as in open surgery, and the risk of complications is very low. The inclusion of a camera allows for a more detailed and comfortable surgical process. The camera images are transmitted to a television monitor, allowing the surgeon to observe even the finest details while simultaneously performing the treatment.

Advantages of Laparoscopic Surgery

  • Less pain is felt after surgery and it causes less trauma
  • The patient recovers faster
  • Earlier discharge
  • Faster return to normal life
  • Fewer wounds and more aesthetically pleasing scars
  • Less adhesions in the abdomen
  • Lower risk of complications.

Open Surgery

In open surgery, a large incision is made to visualize the abdominal organs. These incisions can be in different locations depending on the organs. They are usually 15-30 cm in size. This varies depending on the surgery and the patient’s size. The instruments used are those used in open surgery. After the surgery, the abdominal muscle membranes and skin are sutured separately. Manual manipulation of the internal organs, stretching of the abdominal wall with a retractor, and tight sutures cause significant pain and discomfort for the patient. It takes longer for the gastrointestinal system, in particular, to regain its normal function. All of this delays the patient’s hospital stay and return to normal life. The development of open surgery occurred after the discovery of anesthesia and antisepsis (in the 1850s). Therefore, its history spans approximately 165-170 years.

Laparoscopic surgery, on the other hand, was first used by gynecologists for simple procedures. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (minimally invasive gallbladder surgery) became widespread after 1990. This was followed by colon surgery. It has been one of the most exciting advancements in the field of surgery in the last 25 years.

In Which Diseases is Laparoscopy Applied?

In the following cases, the laparoscopic method has moved beyond being experimental, developed, and become standard treatment:

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Diseases

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